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SENSOR PROJECT

Ultrasonic Distance Finder

Measure distance using HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor and Arduino UNO

Arduino UNO HC-SR04 Beginner Level Real-time Monitoring

This project uses an HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor to measure the distance of an object. Arduino calculates the distance using the echo time and displays the result in the Serial Monitor. It can be used for robotics, obstacle detection, smart parking, automatic systems and distance measurement.

Difficulty Beginner
Time 30 - 45 min
Cost Low
Category Sensor
Arduino UNO and HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Finder
25.21 cm
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Working Principle Components
Required Components Component List
Circuit Pin Connections
Arduino UNO HC-SR04
Arduino Code Code Explanation
Trigger Pulse Echo Time Distance Formula
Serial Monitor Expected Reading
Robotics Smart Parking Obstacle Detection

How It Works

The Arduino sends a short trigger pulse to the HC-SR04 sensor. The sensor generates ultrasonic sound waves. When the sound hits an object it returns to the Echo pin. Arduino measures this travel time and calculates the distance.

Distance = (Time × Speed of Sound) / 2

  Speed of Sound ≈ 343 m/s at 20°C

Circuit Diagram

Arduino UNO and HC-SR04 Connection Diagram
VCC → 5V
TRIG → D9
ECHO → D10
GND → GND

Components Required

  • 1 × Arduino UNO
  • 1 × HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
  • 1 × Breadboard
  • 4 × Jumper Wires
  • 1 × USB Cable
Download Resources Download Circuit Diagram

Output Preview

Distance: 25.21 cm
Distance: 24.87 cm
Distance: 25.30 cm
Distance: 24.91 cm
Distance: 25.02 cm
Distance: 25.18 cm

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